Getting Back into Wildlife Photography: A Comprehensive Guide to What’s Changed Since 2017

Wildlife Photography in 2024: A Comprehensive Guide

Wildlife photography is a thrilling technology-driven train that never stops chugging, which means it’s easy to lose track of things if you’ve been out of the loop for a while. If you’re like me, and are returning to wildlife photography after a few years, you’ll find significant changes and upgrades that can enhance your experience. As part of my own process of catching up on things I decided to write out my biggest takeaways.

In this guide, I’ll explore notable advancements in both camera technology and software, revolutionizing the way photographers approach their craft and offer insights into how you can get the most out of your wildlife photography in 2024 and beyond. I’ll be updating this piece with links to more in depth articles on specific topics, so consider this a resource to check back on from time to time! 

Hardware Advancements

1. The Rise of Mirrorless Cameras

One of the most significant shifts in camera technology has been the rise of mirrorless cameras. In 2017, DSLRs were the go-to choice for many wildlife photographers (I was shooting with a Nikon d810 at the time and wouldn’t have touched mirrorless), but mirrorless systems have since taken the lead due to several advantages:

• Compact and Lightweight: Mirrorless cameras are generally smaller and lighter than their DSLR counterparts, making them easier to handle and less cumbersome during long shoots. Imagine trekking through the dense jungle or scaling rugged terrain with a lightweight companion that doesn’t weigh you down. The convenience is a huge bonus.
• Electronic Viewfinders (EVFs): Information is power. EVF’s offer a real-time preview of your exposure, white balance, and depth of field, which can be life-saving in the field. You can line up the perfect shot and composition, with every detail previewed accurately through the EVF, ensuring you get the shot just right.
• Improved Autofocus Systems: Brands like Sony, Canon, and Nikon have developed advanced autofocus systems with better subject tracking and eye detection, crucial for wildlife photography. You notice this most in those critical fleeting moments—a bird taking flight or a lion changing course during a hunt —where the autofocus locks, making sure you don’t miss the magic. What’s more, newer cameras like the Sony Alpha A6700 use AI to track their subjects, and can identify different subject types for an even better autofocus lock. 

Top Picks for best Wildlife Photography camera:

• Sony A1: Known for its incredibly fast and accurate autofocus, 50.1 MP resolution, and 30 fps continuous shooting. This is the best camera for wildlife photography hands down when every second counts.
• Canon EOS R5: Offers 45 MP resolution, impressive autofocus, and 8K video capabilities, perfect for capturing high-definition footage of wildlife in action.
• Nikon Z9: Combines a robust build with excellent autofocus and a 45.7 MP sensor, making it a reliable choice for any wildlife photographer.

Honorable mentions for best Wildlife Photography camera:

• Sony Alpha a6700: With its APS-C sensor, 24.2 MP resolution, and advanced AI-driven autofocus system, the a6700 is a versatile and compact option for wildlife photography enthusiasts.
• Sony A7R V: With a high-resolution 61 MP sensor, this camera excels in capturing fine details and is a favorite among landscape and wildlife photographers.
• Fujifilm X-T4: Known for its exceptional image quality and film simulations, the X-T4 is a versatile choice for both photography and videography enthusiasts.

2. Lens Innovations – Best Lenses for Wildlife Photography

Lenses have also seen substantial improvements:

• Super-Telephoto Lenses: Lighter, faster and/or more affordable options are now available, such as the Sony FE 300mm F/2.8 GM OSS and the Canon RF 600mm f/11. While super-telephot isn’t cheap it’s become much more accessible and the quality gap has narrowed between the extreme high-end and budget offerings. Even if you have the money you don’t need to spend it all anymore for quality glass. 
• Zoom Lenses: High-quality zoom lenses like the Sony 200-600mm f/5.6-6.3 G OSS provide versatility without sacrificing image quality. Similar to super-telephoto lenses zooms have caught up with the high end market and primes, and in most cases it has become difficult to pixel peep the difference.
   

Honorable Mentions for best Wildlife photography lens:

• Sigma 150-600mm f/5-6.3 DG DN OS: Designed specifically for mirrorless cameras, this lens offers impressive reach and optical performance at a reasonable price point.
• Tamron 150-500mm f/5-6.7 Di III VXD: Known for its compact size and lightweight design, this lens is a great option for photographers who prioritize portability without compromising on image quality.

3. Enhanced Sensor Technology

Modern sensors (both DSLR and mirrorless) offer higher resolutions, better low-light performance, and faster readout speeds. This means you can capture more detail and shoot in challenging lighting conditions with less noise. Match that with better denoising software and the flexibility of your shooting conditions has expanded considerably in the last decade. This is something to take into account especially for crepuscular animals that many would consider impossible to capture without deal-breaking levels of noise.

4. Improved Durability

Manufacturers have focused on making gear that withstands the rigors of wildlife photography. Weather-sealed bodies and lenses are now more commonly available in mid-range and budget options, ensuring your equipment is protected against dust, moisture, and extreme temperatures. Having gear that can handle the humidity or occasional shower without immediately being destroyed  or block out the fine dust of a desert dune brings a lot of peace of mind.

Software Advancements

1. Post-Processing Software

Post-processing has advanced in leaps and bounds, with software becoming more powerful and user-friendly, sometimes verging on magic with the use of AI. 

• Adobe Lightroom and Photoshop: Continuous updates have introduced AI-based features like enhanced masking, sky replacement, and content-aware fill, making complex edits easier and faster. 
• Topaz Photo AI: This software has become a favorite among wildlife photographers for its powerful AI-driven noise reduction, sharpening, and upscaling capabilities. It can transform images that were previously unusable due to noise or blur into clear, sharp masterpieces. Managed to capture a perfectly composed shot of an owl but can’t print because of noise? No problem! A well-composed but borderline shot can be recovered and turned into a crisp, gallery-worthy image. 
• DxO PhotoLab: Known for its excellent noise reduction and lens correction features, it’s a great tool for wildlife photographers looking to perfect their images. 
• Capture One: Offers superior color grading and tethering capabilities compared to lightroom, providing photographers with more precise control over their edits. Many photographers prefer the additional functionality in spite of the less intuitive UI.

2. AI and Machine Learning

As discussed in the post-processing section, AI can now intelligently enhance images by reducing noise, sharpening details, and even identifying and improving specific elements like animal faces or landscapes. You can also go further, by using AI to generate assets and additional elements to your image, or completely change the lighting or background. While this certainly has its use cases I confess I’m of the opinion that, specifically for wildlife photography, AI-generation is best avoided in order to preserve the integrity of the work and keep the focus on wildlife, if that is your focus. 

This opinion is more than just a bias: there are many reasons why for example in wildlife photography competitions, the use of AI-generation of any form is strictly prohibited. There are serious issues at play, having to do with image ownership, copyright, and conservation, but this topic deserves a lengthy post of its own. 

3. File Formats

The emergence of new file formats like HEIF (High-Efficiency Image Format) or Lossless compressed RAW offer better compression and image quality compared to JPEG, saving storage space without compromising quality. Additionally, RAW formats continue to improve, offering greater dynamic range and detail retention. More room on your memory card and more detail in your image can only be good for your images.

What now? Getting Back into Wildlife Photography

1. Update Your Gear (if you want)

If you sold your old gear, or don’t have any then buying is your only option. If you still have your DSLR at home however, consider using it first for a while. If you stick to it, and decide you want the advantages new hardware can offer then prioritize a mirrorless camera and invest in a good super-telephoto lens. The autofocus difference in the last generation of body’s especially those with in-body stabilization will surprise you! 

2. Master New Software Features

Take the time to learn the new tools and features available in post-processing software. Adobe’s AI-powered tools and Topaz Photo AI can save you hours of editing time and significantly enhance your final images. Less time processing means more time in the field, or promoting your images. 

3. Field Techniques

• Patience and Preparation: Wildlife photography requires patience. Plan your shoots, understand animal behavior, and be prepared to wait for the perfect moment. Also, check the weather! 
• Shoot local: While shooting on trips is an amazing experience for wildlife, what you see is very dependent on luck and a good guide if they are available. Shooting locally, near your home means you have the time to learn the habits and haunts of your local wildlife, and even identify specific individuals over time. 
• Gear Maintenance: Camera use, even with weather sealing, always means some amount of dirt, grime and dust. Regularly clean your gear to prevent dust and moisture damage. 
• Stealth and Camouflage: Blend into your surroundings to get closer to wildlife without disturbing them. You don’t need a ghillie suit: Wear neutral colors and use hides or blinds when available. Break up your silhouette: Leaning against a wall instead of standing 2 feet from it can make the difference between a skittish or calm subject.

4. Continuous Learning

Stay updated with the latest trends and techniques by following creators you like on instagram, reading photography blogs, joining online forums, and participating in workshops. It’s a great thing, being part of a community of like-minded individuals, sharing tips, and learning from each other, continually improving your work. Some platforms like photographylife also have forums where professionals will critique each other’s work and suggest ways the shot could be improved in processing or how you can be better prepared next time. 

Most Importantly: Enjoy It!

Returning to wildlife photography is a thrilling experience. The advancements in technology, from the rise of mirrorless cameras to the enhancements in lenses and sensors, coupled with the power of AI in post-processing, have made this reentry into the world of wildlife photography both accessible and rewarding. However, beyond the technicalities, what truly matters is the joy and fulfillment that this hobby brings.

Embrace the moments! Remember, wildlife photography is not just about the images you capture but also the experiences you have and the memories you make. Don’t spend every second behind the lens and more than likely you’ll enjoy this wonderful hobby even more!